• Signaling is the hidden component in our actions and choices that communicates tribal affiliation and social status.
  • According to Robin Hanson (author of The Elephant in the Brain), over 90% of human behaviour can be explained by signaling.
  • Components of a typically signal mechansim:
    • Signal message: The hidden subtext you’re trying to convey
    • Signal distribution: The channel for communicating your message
    • Signal amplification: Methods to boost your message against status rivals
  • This is visible everywhere if you look deeply enough.
    • Consumption patterns constantly change with people trying to buy things that signal premium-ness or exclusivity. eg. iPhones over other phones?
    • Education choices of people lean towards highly-paid international schools rather than an affordable private or public school.

Digital vs Physical Products

  • Digital products struggle with signaling due to their intangible nature. Physical products like a LV bag has much simpler way of signaling.
  • Digital products are harder to monetise at premium prices compared to physical luxury goods.
  • Over time though, digital products have also developed their signaling mechanisms:
    • Adding physical elements (e.g., neobanks offering premium metal cards)
    • Built-in distribution (e.g., Superhuman’s email signature)

Social Networks and Signaling

  • Primary function of social networks is building social capital through signaling.
  • They do this by following methods:
    • Provide free distribution to maximise user base
    • Monetise signal amplification features
  • Status wouldn’t mean a lot if everyone had them, so all of the social networks have introduced unique mechanisms to differentiate.
    • Facebook’s status updates
    • Instagram’s square photos
    • TikTok’s complex video creation
  • New networks must innovate on proof mechanisms to stand out.
  • These networks make money by either of these ways:
    • Focus on high distribution (e.g., free social networks). Allow people to signal to huge sections of population all at once.
    • Limit access to create a strong signal message (e.g., invite-only platforms).
    • Offer paid features to stand out (e.g., Tinder Boost, Fortnite cosmetics).

Future Possibilities

  • Practically, any proof mechanism can be used as-is or with some modifications to create new social networks.
  • We’re bound to see social networks built on all kinds of proof-of-works. Some examples are:
    • Cooking: Proving culinary skills visually
    • Learning: Quantifying knowledge acquisition
    • Reading: Tracking and gamifying reading habits
    • Predictions: Social network for accuracy in forecasting

Inspirations